Kuumbwa kwezvirimwa zvishandiso zvinhu

Kune marudzi mazhinji ezvekushandisa zvishandiso, asi manyorero avo ekutanga ane mutsauko mushoma, inonyanya kuumbwa neshuga uye isiri-shuga.

. Yakasarudzika chirimwa zvishandiso zvine mimwe zvinhu zvakasiyana zvechikamu chimwe nechimwe. Izvi zvinotevera zvinotsaura muchidimbu zvikamu zvitatu zvakakosha zvezvirimwa zvinhu:

Cellulose ether, lignin uye hemicellose.

1.3 Basic kuumbwa kwezvirimwa zvishandiso

1.3.1.1 cellulose

Cellulose ndeye macromolecular polysaccharari inoumbwa ne d-glucose ine β -,4 3,4 glycosic zvisungo. Ndiye mukuru uye wakawanda kwazvo pasi pano.

Natural Folymer. Chemakemikari chemuzvemakemikari kazhinji chinomiririrwa neHaworth yakarongedzwa formula uye pachezvake zvekutaurirana chimiro, kupi n ndiyo mwero wePolysaccharide polymerization polymerization polymerization polymerization polymerization.

Cellulose carbohydrate xylan

ArabinoxyLan

Gluconide xylan

Gluconide ArabinoxyLan

glucompan

Galactoglucomannan

Arabinogalacan

Starch, prarin uye mamwe mashuga anodzvinyirira

zvisiri-carbohydrate zvikamu

Lignin

Bvisa lipids, lignols, nitrounus makomputa, inorganic makomputa

Hemicellulose polyhexopolypentose polyminnose polygalactose

Terenes, resin acids, mafuta ecids, storols, anonhuwirira makomendi, matanini

zvirimwa

1.4 makemikari chimiro che cellulose

1.3.1.2 Lignin

Iyo yakakosha chikamu che lignin iri phenylpropane, iyo inobva yakabatana neCC zvisungo uye ether zvisungo.

Type Polymer. Muchimiro chechirungu, iyo yakabatana gayer ine laff zvakanyanya,

Iyo intracellarlar yakarongedzwa, asi iyo lignin inowedzera mukati meimba yemadziro echipiri. Sezvinoita chinhu chinoshanda, lemigns uye hemifibrils

Pamwe chete vanozadza pakati pemvura yakanaka yemadziro emusero, nokudaro inosimbisa madziro echitokisi chematanda.

1.5 Lignin Starural Monomers, muhurongwa: P-Hydroxyphenylpropane, Guaicyl Propane, Syringyl Propane neChiferyl Doro

1.3.1.3 Hemicellulose

Kusiyana neLignin, Hemicellose mutengesi anochekerera anoumbwa nemhando dzakati wandei dzeMonosachera. Zvinoenderana neizvi

Mhando dzemashushi uye kuvapo kana kusavapo kwemapoka acyl zvinogona kukamurwa muGlucompan, chiArabinosyl (4-o-methylglucronic acid) -kanyama,

Galacosyl Glucosan, 4-O-methylglucronic acid Xylan, arabinosyl Galactan, etc. In,

Makumi mashanu muzana ehuni matanda ari xylan, iri pamusoro pe cellulose microfilibrils uye yakaringana neiyo fibers.

Ivo vanoumba network yemasero ayo akabatanidzwa zvakasimba kune mumwe nemumwe.

1.4 Chinangwa chekutsvagisa, chakakosha uye chikuru chemukati wenyaya iyi

1.4.1 Chinangwa uye kukosha kwekutsvagisa

Chinangwa chekutsvagisa uku ndechekusarudza matatu emumiriri marudzi kuburikidza nekuongororwa kwezvikamu zveimwe chirimwa zvinhu.

Cellulose inobviswa kubva pane zvoupfu. Sarudza iyo yakakodzera yekuzadzisa mumiririri, uye shandisa iyo inobviswa mheremalose yekutsiva iyo machira kuti atsendeke uye yakagadziridzwa kugadzirira fiber.

Vitamini Eherth. Iyo cellulose cellulose ether yakaiswa kuti ishandiswe dhayi dhayi yekudhinda, uye pakupedzisira mhedzisiro yekudhinda yakafananidzwa nekutsvaga zvimwe

Cellulose ana ana idzo dzekutsigira dhayi yekudhinda pastes.

Chekutanga pane zvese, kutsvanywa kwenyaya iyi kwakagadzirisa dambudziko rekushandisa zvakare uye kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza kwekusvibisa tsvina tsvina kune imwe nhanho.

Panguva imwecheteyo, nzira nyowani inowedzerwa kune inobva cellulose. Kechipiri, iyo isingasviki ine muchetura sodium chloroacetate uye 2-chloroethanol anoshandiswa sekutsausa vamiririri,

Pachinzvimbo chakawanda chepfu chloroacetic acid, cellulose ether akagadzirira uye akashandiswa kune cotton machira ekutora dhayeti yekudhinda, uye sodium alginate

Tsvagurudzo pakutsiva ine mwero wehungamiro, uye zvakare ine kukosha kukuru uye kukosha kwenhoroondo.

Fiber Wall Lignin yakanyungudika Lignin Macromolecules Cellulose

9

1.4.2

1.4.2.1 Exction of cellulose kubva padhirowa zvishandiso

Chekutanga, zvikamu zvezvirimwa zvinogadzirwa zvinoyerwa uye kuongororwa, uye zvitatu zvinomiririra chirimwa zvishandiso zvinosarudzwa kuti zvibudise fiber.

Mavitamini. Zvadaro, maitiro ekubvisa cellucose cellulose aive akagadziridzwa nekubatwa kwakazara kweAlkali uye acid. Pakupedzisira, UV

Kupinza Spectroscopy, ftir neXD yaishandiswa kugadzirisa zvigadzirwa.

1.4.2.2 Kugadzirira kwe cellulose ana

Uchishandisa Pine Wood Cellalose Zvinyorwa, zvakanyepedzwa neAlkali yakanyanya kujairika, uyezve orthogonal muyedzo uye imwe chete factors yekuedza kushandiswa,

Maitiro ekugadzirira eCMC, hec uye Hecmc akaongororwa zvakateerana.

Iyo cellulose cellulose anait aiters yakaratidzirwa naF ftir, H-NMR uye XD.

1.4.2.3 Kushandiswa kwe cellulose ether paste

Mhando nhatu dzemasero ma cellulose eter uye sodium alginate yakashandiswa sepasirese yekutanga, uye iyo nzira yekuumbwa, mvura inobata kugona uye kemikari kuenderana kwezvekutanga maPasisi akaedzwa.

Izvo zvinhu zvekutanga zvezvikamu zvina zvepakutanga zvakaenzaniswa neruremekedzo kune zvivakwa uye kugadzikana kwekuchengetedza.

Uchishandisa mhando nhatu dze cellulose etana uye sodium alginate seyekutanga paste, gadzira kudhinda ruvara paste, takura nzvimbo yekudhinda yekudhinda, pfuura tafura yekuedzwa

Kuenzanisa kwevatatucellulose etanauye

Kudhinda zvivakwa zve sodium alginate.

1.4.3 Inosimudzira mapoinzi ekutsvaga

.

Nzira itsva, uye panguva imwe chete, kune imwe nhanho, inogadzirisa dambudziko rekushandiswazve kwesango chirimwa chigadzirwa uye kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza; uye inovandudza iyo fiber

Nzira yekubvisa.

(2) kuongorora uye degree rekutsiva cellulose evagents

Cancer), etc. inokuvadza zvakanyanya kumuviri wemunhu uye zvakatipoteredza. Mune ino bepa, iyo yakawanda ine hushamwari sodium chloroacetate uye 2-chloroethanol inoshandiswa seanoshandiswa esthing vamiririri.

Panzvimbo yeChloroacetic acid uye ethylene oxide, cellulose etana yakagadzirirwa. .

reva.